linux下安装

linux中一般默认安装python，在命令行中输入python，查看当前版本

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$ python

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Nov 22 2013, 12:16:22) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2

在安装python之前先安装sqlite-devel，否则随后运行django时可能会报错，错误内容为django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading either pysqlite2 or sqlite3 modules (tried in that order): No module named _sqlite3。运行命令

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yum install sqlite-devel

当前版本是2.6.6，安装的版本是2.7.11

  • 下载python的二进制包 Python-2.7.11.tgz 并解压
  • 进入解压后的目录中 运行 如下命令
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./configure
make
make install  (权限有问题，则执行 sudo make install)

(source ~/.bashrc)再次运行python，如果发现版本依然没有发生变化，则继续执行下面的命令

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sudo su - root
cd /usr/bin
rm -rf python
ln -s ${PYTHON_HOME}/python python

此时python安装成功，但可能会导致centos的yum命令无法使用，提示如下：

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$ yum
There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:

   No module named yum

Please install a package which provides this module, or
verify that the module is installed correctly.

It's possible that the above module doesn't match the
current version of Python, which is:
2.7.11 (default, Apr 19 2016, 14:52:39) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)]

If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to 
the yum faq at:
  http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq

此问题是由于机器上有多个python版本，而yum依赖的版本与默认的python版本不一致造成的，修改yum，将开头的#!/usr/bin/python改为#!/usr/bin/python2.6：

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which yum
vim /usr/bin/yum

安装pip，用来安装第三方包

在安装pip之前，要先安装setuptools

  • wget –no-check-certificate https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py
  • python ez_setup.py –user （在用户目录下安装）
  • python ez_setup.py –insecure （需要管理员权限）
    【如果使用 –user，安装pip时，报找不到setuptools模块，则使用–insecure安装】

安装pip

  • 下载pip pip-8.1.1.tar.gz，解压并进入该目录中
  • sudo python setup.py install

安装python的虚拟环境virtualenv

pip install virtualenv （root or sudo）

在virtualenv环境中创建应用

新建个目录，用于存放python项目

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mkdir djangorest
cd djangorest
  1. 创建虚拟环境，命令virtualenv djangoenv
  2. 激活虚拟环境，命令source djangoenv/bin/activate，此时命令行显示如下
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(djangoenv) [hadoop@centos djangorest]$

rest api demo开发

安装第三方依赖包

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pip install django
pip install djangorestframework
pip install uwsgi
pip install MySQL-python

安装pyhs2
yum install gcc-c++
yum install python-devel.x86_64 cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64
pip install pyhs2

创建web application

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django-admin.py startproject restful .   #("."代表当前目录)
python manage.py startapp rest

编辑rest/views.py

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# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from django.http import HttpResponse
import os
import sys

# REST接口测试
@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def restapitest(request):
    response = HttpResponse()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        response.write("This method is post.")
        return response
    elif request.method == 'GET':
        response.write("This method is get.")
        return response

创建rest/urls.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8

from django.conf.urls import url
from rest_framework.urlpatterns import format_suffix_patterns

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^restapitest/$', views.restapitest, name = 'restapitest'),
]
urlpatterns = format_suffix_patterns(urlpatterns)

在restful/urls.py中添加

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from django.conf.urls import include, url
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^rest/', include('rest.urls')),
]

编译测试脚本rest.test

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#coding=utf-8
import sys
import os
import urllib
import urllib2


def get(url, data):
    #req = urllib2.Request(url)
    data = urllib.urlencode(data)
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor())
    #response = opener.open(req + "?" + data)
    response = opener.open("%s?%s"%(url, data))
    print data
    return response.read()
def post(url, data):
    req = urllib2.Request(url)
    data = urllib.urlencode(data)
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor())
    response = opener.open(req, data)
    print data
    return response.read()

def gettest():
    posturl = "http://xxxx:8000/rest/restapitest"
    data = dict(fromDate="2016-02-02",toDate="2016-02-24")
    print posturl
    print get(posturl, data)

def posttest():
    posturl = "http://xxxx:8000/rest/restapitest"
    data = dict(fromDate="2016-02-02",toDate="2016-02-04")
    print posturl
    print post(posturl, data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #gettest()
    posttest()

uwsgi启动server (加&，表示后台运行)

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uwsgi --socket xxxx:8000 --chdir /xxx/djangorest/ --wsgi-file restful/wsgi.py --protocol=http --pidfile rest-uwsgi.pid

运行测试脚本，或者从浏览器访问

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python rest.test